Sociological Theory


    A formulation of addiction as one of the effects of group mechanisms upon the individual.
    An individual’s decision to use an intoxicant, the effects it has on the user, and the ongoing psychological and social implications of that use depend not only on the properties of the drug and the user, but also on the physical and social setting.

    Toward a Sociology of Drug Use

    Our main task is to review what sociology has to contribute to our understanding of the use of a range of illicit substances.
    Experimental, anthropological, and sociological evidence has convinced most observers that drug effects vary greatly, depending on the physiology and psychology of the persons taking them, on their state when they ingest the drug, and on the social situation.
    An interactional approach to the etiology, epidemiology, psychopathology, and treatment of narcotic addiction implies the operation of multiple causality within the person, in the environment, and in the interaction between them.
    The community-reinforcement approach (CRA) is an alcoholism treatment approach that aims to achieve abstinence by eliminating positive reinforcement for drinking and enhancing positive reinforcement for sobriety.

    The Addiction Experience

    Alcohol and other drug addictions are maladies which engage nearly all of the body's system, physiological as well as psychological.

    In most cultures, alcoholic beverages have been consumed since prerecorded history for religious, medicinal, or recreational purposes. However, most cultures employing alcohol had rigid guidelines as to what constituted responsible drinking.



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