by Joe Milon

One of the main differences between AA and SMART has to do with what is called locus of control. AA uses an external locus of control. One looks outside him/herself for strength or guidance. AA's higher power or just depending on the group are examples of an external locus of control.

SMART uses what is called an internal locus of control. One looks inside him/herself for strength or self-control to help.

Either method works well depending on the type of person you are. If one thinks most of their problems are a result of other people, places or things, then that type of person is likely to do better with an external locus of control.

If one realizes that he or she would do best to take responsibility for their own feelings, that is, they know that they create their feelings, they are likely to do better with an internal locus of control.

It helps to realize that since people are different, one may do well with an internal locus of control, external locus of control of a a combination of both.

I found the following on a web page:

Locus of control is a personality construct referring to an individual's perception of the locus of events as determined internally by his/her own behavior vs. fate, luck, or external circumstances.

Some research (McCombs, 1991) suggests that what underlies the internal locus of control is the concept of 'self as agent.' This means that our thoughts control our actions and that when we realize this executive function of thinking we can positively affect our beliefs, motivation, and academic performance. 'The self as agent can consciously or unconsciously direct, select, and regulate the use of all knowledge structures and intellectual processes in support of personal goals, intentions, and choices' (p. 6).

McCombs asserts that 'the degree to which one chooses to be self-determining is a function of one's realization of the source of agency and personal control' (p. 7). In other words, we can say to ourselves, 'I choose to direct my thoughts and energies toward accomplishment. I choose not to be daunted by my anxieties or feelings of inadequacy.'